Variación de la temperatura de superficie entre cultivos de palma de aceite y pastos, en los llanos orientales de Colombia.

Abstract

Taking advantage of the availability of information from the MODIS sensor and the interest in studying the variation of surface temperature in different coverages, a work area was defined in the Piedemonte Llanero, where the landscape has been transformed following the economic dynamics of the area. Due to this, oil palm plantations and the establishment of pastures for cattle have increased in recent years. In this research, remote sensing was applied to estimate the surface temperature (ST) delivered by the MODIS sensor, which uses the split-window algorithm to deliver the information in degrees Kelvin. In this work, 7 groups combining different coverages were created and a total of 782 ST data series already transformed to degrees centigrade were generated. The objective of this research was to evaluate the difference in surface temperature (ST) in areas with oil palm cover and grass areas of the Piedemonte Llanero region in the period 2003-2019. Different statistical analyses (descriptive and analysis of variance) were carried out which allowed us to see the behaviour of the variable with the two coverages analyzed. Within the results, it was found that there are differences between the TS of the oil palm areas and the grasses, where the oil palm covers register TS values lower than those of the grasses. Besides, there are temperature differences between day and night for the two coverages. Additionally, ST data were analyzed concerning the rainfall regime of the area, finding a direct relationship of the covers with the dry season in the two sessions (day and night) and an inverse relationship in the rainy season. Finally, an analysis of variance by sampling groups was carried out, where it was found that significant differences exist between them for the daytime. Groups 1, 2 and 3 for the night session did not present significant differences.