Factores de Deforestación y Degradación de los Bosques en el Parque Nacional Natural de la Serranía de Chiribiquete (PNNSCH), Amazonas, Colombia

Abstract

The present work of degree, treats on the analysis of the factors of deforestation and degradation of the forests in the years 2016-2020, in the National Natural Park of the Serranía de Chiribiquete (PNNSCH), Amazonas, Colombia. For the development of the research, we characterized the study area and its vegetation cover, by means of LANDSAT 8 images, which were downloaded from the United States Geological Survey (USGS) that to cover the area required 4 scenes per year. By means of QGIS software, the atmospheric correction of the images was carried out, achieving an improvement in the visual quality of the image, eliminating the effects of aerosols and the intrinsic radiance that the sensor sometimes acquires, then through ERDAS IMAGE 2014 the mosaic of the 4 scenes for each proposed year is made, resulting in the union of these, and then the delimitation of the area made in the ArcGIS software. After this, the supervised classification was carried out, which was based on the analysis of land cover 2018 made by SINCHI for the Amazon region, and 7 coverages were established according to the methodology of CORINE Land Cover (Surface territories, Agricultural territories, forests and semi-natural areas, Humid areas, water surfaces, Clouds and shadows). Finally, the effective areas of change of vegetation cover were established and it was determined that the factors that generate the change of coverage are mostly due to the establishment of pastures or agricultural areas, but determine, if in the area there was regeneration or deforestation would not be accurate because of the extensive area that occupies the cloud cover and shadows