Propuestas de alternativas lineales con el fin de identificar una ruta óptima para el suministro de energía desde el municipio de Medellín hasta el municipio de Marmato en los departamentos de Antioquia y caldas

Abstract

In this degree work, an environmental study was carried out where linear alternatives were proposed to transport electrical energy from the municipality of Medellín in Antioquia to the municipality of Marmato Caldas. This in order to promote development in the destination municipality and that the supply of electricity to different sectors such as tourism, housing, agricultural, agro-industrial, commercial sectors can be increased and to guarantee the supply of energy to the areas defined for expansion. urban. The energy service providers in Antioquia supply energy to a total of 123 municipalities and it is expected that their supply will increase with the commissioning of a new hydroelectric plant that would be categorized as one of the largest and most important in the country and would be administered by the public sector of Medellín (EPM, 2020). This could mean an opportunity for energy development for Marmato, which is a small municipality with an area of ​​41 square kilometers and in this area, energy does not cover 100% of the territory.In addition, a process of urban expansion is taking place that demands the supply of energy (Decree No. 027, 2014). Therefore, managing to bring energy to this municipality through two substations connected by an electric line will contribute to its development. In the realization of this layout, the terms of reference given by the Environmental Licensing Authority (ANLA) for linear projects where it is found that it is necessary to carry out a characterization that includes the Biotic, Abiotic and Physical components of the project area will be considered. proposed in order to guarantee the least possible impact on the environment in the execution of the project. The realization of the DDA where zoning is included to identify, through a spatial analysis process executed with the ArcGis software, four categories of environmental interventions and through a model implemented with the MODEL BUILDER geoprocessing tool, alternatives of optimal layouts were obtained for the power line, of which the highest percentage was chosen showed low intervention, defined by areas with environmental restrictions. KEY WORDS: Environmental zoning, Linear alternative, Optimal layout.