Uso de los filtros en pacientes de baja visión

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the information available in databases on the use of ophthalmic filters in patients with low vision. Methodology: bibliographic review, using keywords such as low vision, optical filters and rehabilitation, in the following databases PubMed, ScienceDirect and Scielo. The search included articles in English and Spanish, between 2005 and 2020, once the articles were selected, they were organized and divided by topic, the most relevant information about the filters, their use and application was collected. The thematic categories that were analyzed were. Visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, satisfaction, comfort and reading speed. Results: 224 articles were obtained, of which 112 were discarded that were not related to ophthalmic filters and low vision, 92 because they did not provide relevant information, 5 were repeated, 15 articles were finally selected. A significant improvement was identified with the use of filters specifically in diseases such as central and peripheral scotomas, diabetic retinopathy, cystoid macular edema, cataract, glaucoma, hypoplasia of the N.O, RD, RP, DM and amblyopia. In the case of contrast sensitivity, an increase was evidenced with the use of filters in pathologies such as central and peripheral scotomas, diabetic retinopathy. Conclusion: although some improvement is reported in some people and a subjective progress report, which can fully help rehabilitation through adequate prescription in patients with low vision, it is necessary to carry out more studies with more objective data, well-controlled trials and analyzes rigorous, to determine if any real benefit can be obtained from the use of filters.