Corrección de las aberraciones ópticas para mejorar la sensibilidad al contraste en pacientes con queratocono usuarios de lentes de contacto

Abstract

In this research, it was decided to carry out a bibliographic search on how optical aberrations affect patients with keratoconus and how their correction with contact lenses helps to improve their visual quality, in order to find the best contact lens with better results when moment of their adaptation, identify the optical aberrations that occur more frequently in people with keratoconus and establish the improvement of contrast sensitivity after correction of the aberrations, it also seeks to provide better information to the health community eye on optical aberrations in patients with keratoconus, and thus achieve an adequate and personalized treatment for each patient.

To do this, 36 articles containing information on keratoconus, contact lenses, optical aberrations and contrast sensitivity were reviewed, they were divided into 4 types of contact lenses, soft contact lenses, rigid gas permeable contact lenses, hybrid contact lenses and scleral contact lenses. As a result, it was found that the contrast sensitivity improved significantly with the 4 different contact lenses, except with the rigid lens, which showed improvement in 66%, the aberrations that were found more frequently were the aberration of coma, trefoil and spherical aberration, regarding the best contact lens for the correction of aberrations, it was concluded that soft contact lenses reduce aberrations in primary stages of keratoconus, the rigid contact lens helps in moderate to advanced stages, and Sclerar contact lens shows significant improvement in severe stages.