Determinación de la presencia de antígenos de Leucemia Viral Felina y Anticuerpos de Inmunodeficiencia Viral Felina mediante prueba serológica en el Municipio de Candelaria Valle del Cauca durante los años 2019 y 2020

Abstract

Each day the casuistry of viral or infectious feline diseases has progressively increased, encouraging veterinarians to be updated, especially in the management and particular diseases of each species. Feline patients represent a challenge, since it is a species with few epidemiological reports, and with some diseases that go unnoticed due to the lack of knowledge of the owner, since some are viral and have the ability to mask signs and symptoms. Therefore, this work aims to determine the presence of the VLeF and VIF diagnostic test in the Municipality through Candelaria - Valle del Cauca during the years 2019 and 2020. A descriptive cross-sectional statistic was carried out, with a line of research in health and epidemiology, which includes 50 feline patients from the Municipality of Candelaria, Valle del Cauca, which are located in different parts of the sector. The process was used a serological test or immunodiagnostic kit (FeLV-FIV anigen®), and subsequently the presence of the VLeF antigens and the FIV antibodies was determined. It was concluded that 42% of the feline population are positive for FIV, 42% are positive for VLeF, 4% are positive for both viruses and the remaining 12% are negative for both viruses. It was determined that 52% of the population are animals found on the street and adopted, which is why they cannot make it entirely home due to their habits. 60% of the population are neither neutered nor sterilized, which is why they represent a danger to healthy felines as they spread the disease. Within the study, age ranges from 1 to 7 years were found with an average of 3 years. In addition, the Chi-square test is performed and it is determined by significant statistics (P <0.05) that there is a relationship between the variables Sex and the FIV, with prevalence in males. These results support the need to establish these sanitary control programs for felines.