Prevalencia de fluorosis dental en niños de 6 a 16 años. Revisión de la literatura

Abstract

Dental fluorosis is a hypomineralization of the enamel produced in response to the intake of fluoride for a prolonged period of time during the formation of the enamel. The severity of fluorosis will depend on the amount or concentration of fluoride ingested, the age at which one is exposed to excessive amounts of fluoride, and individual variation. Objective: To determine the prevalence of dental fluorosis in children 6 to 16 years of age through a literature review. Materials and methods: A compilation of articles related to the topic of prevalence of dental fluorosis in children aged 6 to 16 years was carried out, the search was carried out in different platforms obtaining 48 articles and 2 theses relating them to the subject, of which 16 were reported prevalence of dental fluorosis. Results: a total prevalence of 24.81% (n = 8448) was reported in a sample of 34039 participating children. Being the very mild forms 37.50% (n = 2516) and mild 30.66% (n = 2057) the most frequent. children from 6 to 12 years old were the most affected with 71.94% (n = 7785) and males with 33.20% (n = 1150). The most frequent risk factors were the use of toothpastes, water with a high fluoride content and the use of mouthwash. Conclusion: The prevalence of dental fluorosis was 24.81%. The most frequent degrees of severity were very mild and mild. The most affected gender was the male and by age the children from 6 to 12 years